What Are GLP-1 Medications?
GLP-1 medications have transformed the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic disease. They work by helping regulate appetite, slowing stomach emptying, and improving blood sugar control.
This guide explains how GLP-1 medications work, who may benefit, possible side effects, and what to expect during treatment.
What Does GLP-1 Mean?
GLP-1 stands for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, a hormone naturally produced in the intestines after eating.
GLP-1 helps your body by:
• Increasing feelings of fullness
• Slowing stomach emptying
• Reducing hunger
• Improving insulin release
• Lowering blood sugar
These natural effects help many people eat less without constantly feeling hungry.
How Do GLP-1 Medications Work?
GLP-1 medications mimic your body's natural GLP-1 hormone.
They help:
✓ Reduce appetite
✓ Decrease food cravings
✓ Improve blood sugar control
✓ Slow digestion
✓ Promote gradual, sustainable weight loss
Many patients notice they feel satisfied with much smaller meals.
Common GLP-1 Medications
• Semaglutide
• Tirzepatide
• Retatrutide (investigational)
Each medication has unique characteristics, but all work by improving metabolic health.
Who May Benefit?
GLP-1 therapy may be appropriate for adults who:
• Have obesity
• Are overweight with weight-related medical conditions
• Have insulin resistance
• Have prediabetes
• Need additional help after lifestyle changes alone
A medical evaluation is necessary to determine if treatment is appropriate.
Who Should NOT Take GLP-1 Medications?
GLP-1 medications are generally not recommended for individuals with:
• Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
• Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN2)
• Pregnancy or planning pregnancy
• Prior serious allergic reaction to a GLP-1 medication
Your healthcare provider will review your medical history before prescribing treatment.
Common Side Effects
Most side effects improve as the body adjusts.
Common side effects include:
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Heartburn
• Fatigue
• Decreased appetite
Starting with a low dose and increasing gradually can help minimize side effects.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Contact Boyd Longevity Care promptly if you develop new pain in the upper right or middle abdomen, especially after eating or if it spreads to your right shoulder or back. Also contact us if nausea or vomiting makes it difficult to drink fluids.
Seek emergency medical care for severe or persistent upper abdominal pain, especially pain that spreads to your back; repeated vomiting; fever; yellowing of the eyes or skin; dark urine; or pale stools. These symptoms can signal pancreatitis, gallbladder inflammation, or a blocked bile duct.
If you have these warning signs, hold your next GLP-1 dose until you have been evaluated. Do not wait for a message reply if symptoms are severe. Boyd Longevity Care does not provide emergency care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will I lose weight immediately?
Weight loss is gradual and varies from person to person.
Will I need to exercise?
Yes. Physical activity helps preserve muscle mass and supports long-term success.
Will I regain weight if I stop?
Many patients regain some weight after stopping treatment without ongoing lifestyle changes.
References
American Diabetes Association
American Association of Clinical Endocrinology
The Obesity Society
FDA-approved prescribing information
Ready to Find If GLP-1 Therapy is Right For You?
If you’re considering medical weight loss, schedule a one-on-one telehealth consultation. We’ll review our medical history, goals, and determine whether GLP-1 therapy is appropriate for you.